For some unknown reason, many, perhaps most, doctors seem to display a pathological resistance to adequate treatment of B12 deficiency, and fight patients tooth and nail on this matter
Research in preclinical models has explored its role in NNMT inhibition, NAD+ metabolism, and cellular energetics (pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov)
B12 deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anaemia, which occurs when a lack of vitamin B12 or folate (B9) causes the body to produce abnormally large red blood cells which cant function properly
Fish is also rich in B12 especially tuna, trout, and salmon
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It is caused by minor irritation and small cuts in the urinary tract lining as the stone moves through