Dietary and lifestyle interventions include: Consuming smaller, more frequent meals rather than large portions that increase gastric distension Avoiding late evening meals and maintaining at least a 3-hour interval between dinner and bedtime Limiting foods that relax the lower esophageal sphincter (chocolate, peppermint, high-fat foods, caffeine, alcohol) Reducing acidic and spicy foods that may irritate the esophageal mucosa Elevating the head of the bed by 6-8 inches using blocks or a wedge pillow Maintaining upright posture for at least 2-3 hours after eating Avoiding tight-fitting clothing around the abdomen Smoking cessation (if applicable) Continuing weight loss efforts, as weight reduction is an evidence-based therapy for GERD [16] [21] Pharmacologic management may be necessary for persistent symptoms
McKenna, M
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& Lachin, J
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