Beyond passive data analysis, future AI tools will be embedded into closed-loop systems capable of real-time interpretation and actuation, adjusting drug release or material properties based on dynamic physiological feedback
All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25.0 (SPSS Inc., Armonk, NY)
The physiological properties of astrocytes are altered in PD due to the progressive accumulation of -Syn, which induces mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation
Ethics declarations Competing interests C.U.H.K
Long-Term Insulin Use The most consequential rule: ICD-10 Code Z79.4 must NOT be assigned when insulin is given temporarily to bring a Type 2 patients blood sugar under control during a single encounter
Improvements in insulin sensitivity often appear early, supporting better overall metabolic health