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Generally, aberrant cells are recognized by the presence of short peptides generated in the proteasome, transported into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by transporters associated with antigen processing (TAP1/2), trimmed by ER aminopeptidases (ERAPs) to modify affinity for Class I molecules, and loaded onto Class I heterodimers comprising a polymorphic heavy -chain and an invariant 2-microglobulin (2M) light chain for presentation at the cell surface 10,11

Modern pharmacological agents such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and combination glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP-1 receptor agonists have also been shown to improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with obesity

assessing safety and dosage

Cryo-EM structures of ryanodine receptors and diamide insecticides reveal the mechanisms of selectivity and resistance

PAX8, Paired Box Gene 8

Ma L, Zhang L, Li J, Zhang X, Xie Y, Li X